CoQ10 mainly exists in the form of ubiquinol in human tissues. For example, in the blood, ubiquinol accounts for about 95 percent of the total CoQ10. However, there are two unique tissues, namely the brain and lungs, in which CoQ10 mainly exists in the form of ubiquinone. , it is speculated that it may be because there is more oxidative stress in these two tissues, which reduces ubiquinol to oxidized ubiquinone. Compared to ubiquinone, ubiquinol has antioxidant properties because it has two electrons. In other words, the antioxidant properties of CoQ10 are reflected by ubiquinol.
A 2013 human clinical study found that ubiquinol was more absorbed and bioavailable than ubiquinone in younger adults (29 to 50 years old).
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Subject,N=12 |
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Total CoQ10（ug/mL） |
0.88±0.30 |
2.50±1.23a |
0.86±0.29 |
4.34±1.97 |
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Total CoQ10（μmol/L） |
1.014±0.345 |
2.895±1.425a |
0.998±0.337 |
5.012±2.275 |
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Reduced CoQ10c |
98.9±0.7 percent |
99.0±0.8 percent |
98.7±1.5 percent |
99.5±0.2 percent d |
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167±25 |
155±26 |
159±24 |
167±24 |
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4.3±0.7 |
4.0±0.7 |
4.1±0.6 |
4.3±0.6 |
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CoQ10/cholesterolμmol/mmoL） |
0.23±0.06 |
0.71±0.33a |
0.24±0.07 |
1.15±0.41 |
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-Tocopherol（ug/mL） |
12.5±4.7 |
11.4±3.1 |
11.5±3.1 |
12.1±3.0 |
- Ubiquinol has a higher absorption rate: The "total CoQ10" content in plasma was higher after 4 weeks of ubiquinol supplementation than 4 weeks of ubiquinone supplementation, indicating that ubiquinol has a higher absorption rate than ubiquinone, researchers This is thought to be related to the higher polarity of ubiquinol. Research on the mechanism of higher absorption rate of ubiquinol found that the efficiency of micellization of ubiquinol in the small intestinal phase is 2 to 3 times that of ubiquinone. Micellarization allows fat-soluble CoQ10 to be absorbed from the intestines.
- Ubiquinol has higher bioavailability: CoQ10 is fat-soluble, so in the body CoQ10 is carried together with cholesterol in lipoproteins to exert physiological functions. It can be seen that the "CoQ10/cholesterol" value in plasma is higher after 4 weeks of ubiquinol supplementation than 4 weeks of ubiquinone supplementation, indicating that ubiquinol has a higher bioavailability than ubiquinone.
At the same time, we must point out that due to each person's genetic differences and metabolic differences, different people have different abilities to absorb ubiquinone and ubiquinol, but the data from 12 volunteers in this study showed that overall, ubiquinol is The absorption rate is higher than that of ubiquinone.
Total CoQ10 concentration in plasma of 12 volunteers after four weeks of ubiquinone or ubiquinol supplementation
Another study in older people (over 55 years old) also found the same results.
Supplement with 200 mg of ubiquinol or ubiquinone daily for 2 weeks
Some studies have shown that only when the total plasma CoQ10 content is higher than >2.78 umol/L, can it reach the surrounding tissues and cross the blood-brain barrier [4]. Based on the above two experiments, it can be seen that for young people, supplementing with both forms of CoQ10 for 4 weeks can achieve this standard; while for older people, supplementing ubiquinol has a better effect (in the experiment with the elderly It was only supplemented for 2 weeks instead of 4 weeks. If the supplementation time is longer, it may be possible to supplement ubiquinone to meet the standard).
1. It is not necessary for ordinary people: In normal human body, ubiquinone and ubiquinol can be converted into each other. Ubiquinol is more expensive than ubiquinone, so supplementing ubiquinone is enough for young people, and absorption problems can be solved by supplementing low doses multiple times.
2. Panthenol has poor stability!
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98.00 |
53.00 |
22.00 |
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99.50 |
99.45 |
99.49 |
ou can see that after one month the purity of ubiquinol is reduced by half... and after three months you don't even know what you are eating. But the good news is that panthenol acetate, a derivative of panthenol, is extremely stable, and its bioavailability is 1.11 times that of panthenol.
In addition, panthenol acetate demonstrated no cytotoxicity in in vitro experiments, while in experiments in rats, sex differences were found in its safety (adverse effects were observed in female rats). Finally, researchers determined that its safe dosage in rats is 600 mg/kg/day for male rats and 300 mg/kg/day for female rats .
The scientists of this study believe that panthenol acetate is safe based on the current general CoQ10 intake of 100~300mg/day. However, more research is needed to prove the specific safe dose.
- People with neurodegenerative diseases: In neurodegenerative diseases, plasma CoQ10 levels >3.5 mg/mL are considered necessary for therapeutic effect, and ubiquinone supplementation cannot achieve this in the average person. concentration. Therefore, people with neurodegenerative diseases are suitable for supplementing ubiquinol.
Video citation source:https://youtu.be/08BzN2IFTMI
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- Langsjoen, P. H., & Langsjoen, A. M. (2014). Comparison study of plasma coenzyme Q10 levels in healthy subjects supplemented with ubiquinol versus ubiquinone. Clinical pharmacology in drug development, 3(1), 13-17.
- Failla, M. L., Chitchumroonchokchai, C., & Aoki, F. (2014). Increased Bioavailability of Ubiquinol Compared to That of Ubiquinone Is Due to More Efficient Micellarization during Digestion and Greater GSH-Dependent Uptake and Basolateral Secretion by Caco-2 Cells. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(29), 7174-7182.
- Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Chen, X., & Chen, C. Y. (2018). Ubiquinol is superior to ubiquinone to enhance Coenzyme Q10 status in older men. Food & Function, 9(11), 5653-5659.
- Shults, C. W., Oakes, D., Kieburtz, K., Beal, M. F., Haas, R. H., Plumb, S., ... & Lew, M. F. (2002). Effects of Coenzyme Q 10 in Early Parkinson Disease Evidence of Slowing of the Functional Decline. JAMA Neurology, 59(10), 1541-1550.
- Matsuo, K., Kasai, K., Hosoe, K., & Funahashi, I. (2016). Stability of ubiquinol‐10 (reduced form of coenzyme Q10) in human blood. Biomedical Chromatography, 30(4), 500-502.
- Deshmukh, G., Venkataramaiah, S. B., Doreswamy, C. M., Umesh, M. C., Subbanna, R. B., Pradhan, B. K., ... & Shivarudraiah, P. (2019). Safety Assessment of Ubiquinol Acetate: Subchronic Toxicity and Genotoxicity Studies. Journal of Toxicology,, 1-25.
- Carlo, M. D., & Loeser, R. F. (2003). Increased Oxidative Stress with Aging Reduces Chondrocyte Survival: Correlation with Intracellular Glutathione Levels. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 48(12), 3419-3430.
- https://www.glanbianutritionals.com/en/actiquinol10